Małgorzata Machała

Skuteczność wybranych metod wczesnej interwencji kryzysowej a zapobieganie PTSD — przegląd badań i wskazówki praktyczne             45

An efficiency of selected early intervention methods and a prevention of PTSD — research review and practical issues   45

Streszczenie

Artykuł, na podstawie przeglądu piśmiennictwa zestawia opisy dwóch różnych metod zapobiegania PTSD: debriefingu oraz terapii poznawczo-behawioralnej. Analiza opublikowanych badań  prowadzi do wniosku, że skuteczniejszą okazuje się interwencja poznawczo-behawioralna zastosowana w kilka tygodni po traumatycznym wydarzeniu.

Summary

Preventive function of early psychological intervention, offered after a traumatic event, is an important issue for researchers and practitioners from the mental health area. The most common form of early intervention is psychological debriefing, which aims to reduce the risk of posttraumatic stress disorder and other psychopathological consequences of trauma. Although it represents the most widely used method, there is little evidence supporting its continued use with individuals. It seems to be an appropriate initial intervention, but it does not serve a therapeutic or preventive function, as its authors assumed. Some studies have even shown its harmful impact on survivors. Basing on that, it is unclear what kind of psychological help should be offered in the aftermath of traumatic events, especially to prevent victims from developing chronic consequences. Similarly, there is a lack of clarity about the best way of identifying people who are unlikely to recover from early posttraumatic symptoms without intervention.