Beata Hintze, Anna Bembenek, Aleksandra Kuehn-Dymecka, Anna Wrońska, Jacek Wciórka

Working memory dysfunction in patients suffering from schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives.    17

Summary

Working memory deficits are considered to play and important role affecting not only the pathogenesis but also the course of schizophrenia. Numerous studies of schizophrenic patients and their first-degree relatives suggest that these impairment may be an indicator of susceptibility to developing schizophrenia.

Aim: a comparison of selected working memory indicators in patients with schizophrenia, their first-degree relatives, and healthy controls.

Subjects: 99 patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia (according to the ICD-10-DCR criteria) in an early period of remission, their healthy first-degree relatives (N=42), relatives with a history of psychiatric disorder (N=14), and a control group of those (N=54) unrelated to the subjects and with no psychiatric history, were the participants of the study.

Methods. Selected tests from the computer-aided Vienna Test Battery were used, measuring reaction time (RT) in a task that required choosing among complex stimuli of two modalities, a tendency to perseveration (PERSEV), and immediate visuospatial memory span (CORSI).

Results. Schizophrenic patients' performance was found to be significantly inferior to that of controls on all the cognitive tests related to working memory: they had longer reaction time in forced choice tasks, elevated perseverative tendencies and reduced immediate visuospatial memory span. Moreover, healthy relatives of schizophrenic patients performed significantly poorer than did the controls, both as regards perseverative tendencies and visuospatial memory span. Schizophrenic patients did not differ significantly from their close relatives in the degree of visuospatial memory span impairment.